邢帅兵;陈代文;余冰;栾超;何军;黄志清;毛湘冰;郑萍;罗钧秋;罗玉衡;虞洁;

• 1:四川农业大学动物营养研究所动物抗病营养教育部重点实验室动物抗病营养四川省重点实验室
• 2:安迪苏生命科学制品(上海)有限公司

摘要(Abstract)：

本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加枯草芽孢杆菌替代饲用抗生素对断奶仔猪生长性能和肠道健康的影响。试验选用21日龄杜长大(DLY)断奶仔猪72头,随机分为4组,分别为对照组(CON组)、抗生素组(ANT组)、抗生素+枯草芽孢杆菌组(ANT+BS组)、枯草芽孢杆菌组(BS组),每组6个重复,每个重复3头猪。试验期49 d。结果表明:1)试验全期,各组间平均日增重和平均日采食量均无显著差异(P>0.05),与CON组相比,仅ANT组的料重比显著降低(P<0.05)。2)各组间十二指肠、空肠、回肠的绒毛高度、隐窝深度、绒毛高度/隐窝深度均无显著差异(P>0.05);与CON组相比,ANT组、 ANT+BS组和BS组回肠的隐窝深度分别降低了10.16%、14.98%、18.10%,有差异显著的趋势(P=0.084)。3)与CON组相比,ANT+BS组和BS组盲肠中双歧杆菌的数量显著提高(P<0.05),且与ANT组无显著差异(P>0.05)。4)与CON组相比,ANT+BS组和BS组空肠黏膜中分泌型免疫球蛋白A的含量显著提高(P<0.05),但均显著低于ANT组(P<0.05)。综上所述,枯草芽孢杆菌可以改善断奶仔猪小肠形态结构,增加肠道内有益菌的数量,提高小肠黏膜免疫功能,达到部分替代抗生素的效果,并且枯草芽孢杆菌与抗生素联用无协同或拮抗作用。

关键词(KeyWords)： 枯草芽孢杆菌;断奶仔猪;生长性能;肠道形态;肠道菌群;肠道免疫

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): “十三五”国家重点研发计划专项（2016YFD0500506）;; 国家生猪产业技术体系（CARS-35)

作者(Author): 邢帅兵;陈代文;余冰;栾超;何军;黄志清;毛湘冰;郑萍;罗钧秋;罗玉衡;虞洁;

Email:

DOI:

参考文献(References)：

• [1] GRESSE R,CHAUCHEYRAS-DURAND F,FLEURY M A,et al.Gut microbiota dysbiosis in postweaning piglets:understanding the keys to health[J].Trends in Microbiology,2017,25(10):851-873.
• [2] MOESER A J,POHL C S,RAJPUT M. Weaning stress and gastrointestinal barrier development:implications for lifelong gut health in pigs[J].Animal Nutrition,2017,3(4):313-321.
• [3] JAYARAMAN B,NYACHOTI C M.Husbandry practices and gut health outcomes in weaned piglets:a review[J].Animal Nutrition,2017,3(3):205-211.
• [4] BACANLI M,BA?ARAN N.Importance of antibiotic residues in animal food[J]. Food and chemical toxicology,2019,125:462-466.
• [5] ROUDAUT B,PESSEL D,SANDERS P. Search for antibiotic residues in the French pig industry-contribution of new techniques to the identification of antibiotics in pig meat[J].Journées de la Recherche Porcine en France,2018,50:229-233.
• [6] FENG L,CASAS M E,OTTOSEN L D M,et al.Removal of antibiotics during the anaerobic digestion of pig manure[J]. Science of the Total Environment,2017,603-604:219-225.
• [7]黄卫强，张和平．饲用微生态制剂替代抗生素的研究进展[J]．中国微生态学杂志，2015,27(4):488-494.
• [8]谢宝财，韩启春，葛静，等．中草药代替抗生素在健康养殖中的应用[J]．黑龙江畜牧兽医，2017(9):71-73.
• [9]张爱武，薛军．枯草芽孢杆菌在动物生产中的应用效果[J]．中国畜牧兽医，2011,38(4):234-238.
• [10]王宗伟，李法增，杨志平，等．枯草芽孢杆菌在畜禽营养上的研究进展[J]．中国畜牧杂志，2015,51(1):80-83.
• [11] RHAYAT L,JACQUIER V,BRINCH K S,et al.Bacillus subtilis strain specificity affects performance improvement in broilers[J]. Poultry Science,2017,96(7):2274-2280.
• [12] LEE K W,KIM D K,LILLEHOJ H S,et al.Immune modulation by Bacillus subtilis-based direct-fed microbials in commercial broiler chickens[J].Animal Feed Science and Technology,2015,200:76-85.
• [13] CHO J H,ZHAO P Y,KIM I H,et al.Probiotics as a dietary additive for pigs:a review[J].Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances,2011,10(16):2172-2134.
• [14]王晓丹，孔祥峰，赵越，等．枯草芽孢杆菌对断奶仔猪生长性能和血浆生化参数的影响[J]．动物营养学报，2019,31(2):605-611.
• [15]魏立民，孙瑞萍，刘海隆，等．枯草芽孢杆菌对断奶仔猪生长性能和血清生化指标的影响[J]．中国畜牧兽医，2017,44(6):1720-1725.
• [16]万根，黄志海，付戴波，等．饲粮添加枯草芽孢杆菌对仔猪生产性能及抗病力的影响[J]．饲料研究，2016(5):31-34.
• [17] ZHANG L,ZHANG L,ZENG X,et al.Effects of dietary supplementation of probiotic,Clostridium butyricum,on growth performance,immune response,intestinal barrier function,and digestive enzyme activity in broiler chickens challenged with Escherichia coli K88[J]. Journal of animal science and biotechnology,2016,7(1):3.
• [18]刘冬，胡蕾，丁兆忠，等．日粮中添加蛋白酶对断奶仔猪生长性能，肠道形态和消化酶的影响[J]．中国饲料，2019(15):14.
• [19] JACQUIER V,NELSON A,JLALI M,et al. Bacillus subtilis 29784 induces a shift in broiler gut microbiome toward butyrate-producing bacteria and improves intestinal histomorphology and animal performance[J].Poultry Science,2019,98(6):2548-2554.
• [20]邓军，李云锋，杨倩．枯草芽孢杆菌和猪源乳酸杆菌混合饲喂对仔猪肠绒毛发育的影响[J]．畜牧兽医学报，2013,44(2):295-301.
• [21] LEE S H,INGALE S L,KIM J S,et al.Effects of dietary supplementation with Bacillus subtilis LS 1-2fermentation biomass on growth performance,nutrient digestibility,cecal microbiota and intestinal morphology of weanling pig[J]. Animal Feed Science and Technology,2014,188:102-110.
• [22]王志成，赵春芳，赵俊国．益生菌对断奶仔猪生长性能、养分表观消化率和肠道菌群的影响[J]．中国饲料，2018(4):40-44.
• [23] HU Y L,DUN Y H,LI S A,et al.Effects of Bacillus subtilis KN-42 on growth performance,diarrhea and faecal bacterial flora of weaned piglets[J].Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences,2014,27(8):1131-1140.
• [24] CHAIRATANA P,NOLAN E M. Defensins,lectins,mucins,and secretory immunoglobulin A:microbebinding biomolecules that contribute to mucosal immunity in the human gut[J].CRC Critical Reviews in Biochemistry,2017,52(1):45-56.
• [25]王利宾，孙利娜．枯草芽孢杆菌作用机制及其在养殖业中的应用研究进展[J]．饲料博览，2015(1):35-38.
• [26] RAJPUT I R,YING H,YAJING S,et al.Saccharomyces boulardii and Bacillus subtilis B10 modulate TLRs and cytokines expression patterns in jejunum and ileum of broilers[J]. PLoS One,2017,12(3):e0173917.
• [27]秦红．益生菌对育肥猪肠道屏障功能的影响[D]．硕士学位论文．太谷：山西农业大学，2016.